then continuum-scale model equations, and finally reduced-order model equations.

This book describes the commonly used equivalent-circuit-type battery model

and develops equations for superior physics-based models of lithium-ion cells at

different length scales.

This book presents a breakthrough technology called the discrete-time realization

algorithm that automatically converts physics-based models into high-fidelity

approximate reduced-order models. These reduced-order models have similar

computational complexity to equivalent-circuit-type models, but can also predict

electrochemical variables at any spatial location inside the cell.