or and social justice activist Dr. Carlos Muñoz, Jr. He was born in the "segundo barrio" in El Paso, Texas, and raised in the barrios of East Los Angeles, California. He is the son of poor working class Mexican immigrants. He earned his AA from Los Angeles City Community College, his BA with honors in Political Science from California State University at Los Angeles and his PhD in Government from the Claremont Graduate University. He is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Ethnic Studies and Adjunct Faculty, Center for Latin American Studies, University of California, Berkeley. After 47 years of teaching in higher education, he has gained international prominence as political scientist, historian, journalist, and public intellectual.