The PhraseBook is divided into sections that follow the structure of academic writing, including Introduction, Method, Presenting Data, Literature Review, Arguing For and Against, Analysis, Presenting Results and Conclusions.

The phrases are based on the PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English (ISBN 1492959790), which is used in more than 30 countries worldwide.

• Suitable for university and college writing from Bachelor to Masters and PhD
• Over 3000 phrases for academic writing
• Designed for native and non-native speakers
• Layout of the PhraseBook helps you structure your text
• Global English, including British and American spellings
• Exercises for individual and classroom use

Preface and acknowledgements
Writing a bio
Introducing a study or presentation
The aim of your study and outlining the topic
Defining the scope of your study or presentation
Your method or approach
Definitions, notation and terminology
Presenting data
Giving examples
Literature review and the relationship to other work
Referring to other work
Reviewing other work
What you agree with
What you disagree with
Arguing your case and putting forward ideas
Arguing against
Analysis and discussion
Explaining and giving reasons
Qualifying and hedging
Quantifying
Time
Hypotheses and probability
Rhetorical questions and addressing your audience
Comparing and contrasting
Tying a text or presentation together
Presenting results
Interpreting findings
Concluding a study or presentation
Summary and abstract
Making a presentation
Writing academic emails

Example phrases

Introducing your work
The study will begin by outlining...
This study addresses a number of issues...
The following section sets out...
...to examine the research problem in detail
...to shed light on a number of problem areas in current theory
The paper presented here is based in part on an earlier study

Arguing for and against
This becomes clear when one examines...
This lends weight to the argument that...
Support for this interpretation comes from...
While it may well be valid that..., this study argues the importance of...
A serious drawback of this approach is...
One of the prime failings of this theory or explanation is...

Reviewing other work
X takes little or no account of...
There is little evidence to suggest that...
The study offers only cursory examination of...
X gives a detailed if not always tenable analysis of...
The authors' claim that...is not well founded.
X's explanation is not implausible, if not entirely satisfactory.

Analysis and explanation
If, for the sake of argument, we assume...
One of the most obvious consequences of...is...
Although it may well be true that..., it is important not to overlook...
The extent to which this reflects...is unclear.
A more plausible explanation for or of...would...
The reason for...is unknown, but...has been suggested by X as a possible factor.

Summary and conclusions
Concluding this section, we can say that...
Chapter X draws together the main findings of the paper.
A number of key issues have been addressed in this study.
This study has highlighted a number of problem areas in existing theory.
While the initial findings are promising, further research is necessary.
The results of this study suggest a number of new avenues for research.

Also available on Amazon: PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English (ISBN 1492959790)